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What Does Being Smart Have To Do With Longevity?
Researchers found a link between cognitive ability and survival in gray mouse lemurs. I know, we are not lemurs, but there is research on this that applies to us too:
Among the thousands of people studied, those in the top 10 percent of childhood intelligence were two-thirds less likely to have died from respiratory disease by age 79 than people in the bottom 10 percent. They were half as likely to have died from heart disease, stroke, smoking-related cancers, digestive diseases, and outside causes such as injury.
The lemurs who weighed more (indicating success in finding food) and were more exploratory (indicating the intelligence to consider alternative strategies) also had longer lifespans. The underlying rationale is that greater intelligence is linked to better decision making in all of the areas that matter to life; such as, where to live, what to eat, and how to keep ourselves and our children safe.
Optimizing Decision-Making
Let’s be clear, though. Decision-making savvy is not determined and limited at birth because we all have the ability to uplevel our own. In fact, Forbes said that decision-making should be at the top of every business agenda. Given that humans make 35,000 decision/day, there is a lot of leverage to be had, in work and life, by getting altogether better at making decisions throughout our lives. Accordingly, one of the 5 articles I have posted on decision-making so far appears here below as a repost of the article I wrote for CEOWORLD Magazine. Enjoy!
CEOWORLD Magazine Article
Optimizing Decision Making For Personal and Professional Prosperity In a Relentlessly VUCA World – Madelaine Claire Weiss, March 4, 2023
Table of Contents To Thrive in Work and Life Optimizing Decision Making The Case of Rob Moving Forward To Thrive in Work and Life Lenny was a business owner who died of a stroke when he was 42 years old. I was 15 years old and, since I was grounded at the time for speaking truth to power again, I was pretty sure my father died of me. It was not until years later when I finally broke down with my mother about how all my fault it was that I found out it wasn’t me after all. In her shining moment as a mom, my mother said tenderly, “No honey, it wasn’t you. It was work.”
The Japanese call it Karoshi, death by overwork; sometimes by suicide, heart attack, or stroke. In my father’s case, it may have been a biological event waiting to happen, or, okay fine, maybe a little bit of me…or maybe it really was death by overwork. To whatever extent it was work—my father was only one of the 120,000 work-stress-related deaths per year in the US, and the roughly 750,000 throughout the world. No surprise, I now help professionals, executives, and entrepreneurs thrive in work and life. And here is some of what I have learned along the way.
Optimizing Decision Making The average adult makes 35,000 decisions every day, not all of them affecting as many lives, and in such magnitude, as the decisions our leaders worry about. Forbes recently suggested that decision making effectiveness be at the top of every company’s agenda. Great idea for this crazy VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous) world in which we live. Even better, what if we put decision making effectiveness at the top of every individual leader’s agenda too. At 35,000 decisions a day, getting better at that would have to help with the Decision Fatigue depleting our lives. So, how can leaders get better at this critical life skill? By getting Out of The Box.
Out of The Box Life is a story we live in. And so is business. Here’s how that works. The human sense organs send 11,000,000 bits of information to the brain every second—which we mistakenly think of as reality—when it is really only a drop in the bucket of the 6 × 10^80 (or 6 followed by 71 million zeros) bits out there in the universe for our senses to pluck from. Alas, our brains have to make some sense out of this limited information or we would feel crazy and unable to function. So, we make up a story, and that is the box!
The brain draws on past experiences, future desires, basic human fears, assumptions… to add, subtract, and piece together bits of information into some semblance of a reality that is not reality at all. Letting that huge gap between perception and reality sink all the way in makes way for two ‘Out of The Box’ ways of doing our business in the world, which are detailed below.
- Faster, Bolder Decision Making and Implementation There is a wonderful tale about Buridan’s Ass. Jean Buridan was a 14th century French philosopher, who built on an idea held by Aristotle, later employed by Edward Fredkin, a pioneer of digital physics, to make the point known as “Fredkin’s Paradox,” which is: “The more equally attractive two alternatives seem, the harder it can be to choose between them—no matter that, to the same degree, the choice can only matter less.”
Here below is the donkey who, because he could not figure out which bale of hay was going to turn out to be the best, waited for more perfect information to arrive—and in so doing starved to death. Buridan’s donkey (Image courtesy: Buridan’s donkey between two piles of hay, faced with the dilemma by Wolfgang Bietenholz/FILE PHOTO.) It is not uncommon for leadership to hold out for more perfect information on the decisions that feel the hardest. But successful CEO’s get that the reason the decision is so hard in the first place is that there is roughly equal threat/opportunity either way, as Fredkin suggested. And, they know that there is no such thing as perfect information anyway.
The only one who really appreciates a leader’s indecisiveness is the competition. In fact, one study showed that 66% of participants refused to follow people who appeared to be hesitating. Bear in mind that, even if there is new information to be had, Stanford research suggests that the longer we go back and forth, the more fatigued we are, and the less able we are to process new information regardless. Sometimes humans just love their comfort zones too much. But this study found participants happier down the line when they went for bigger and bolder decisions rather than preserving their status quo.
And, this Yale study found that problem solving is optimized 70% outside of our comfort zones, where new learning takes place to fuel our action. That’s right. The courage to act! As William James said: Action may not always bring happiness, but there is no happiness without action. But this does not mean that leaders act alone. Quite the contrary. And this brings us to the second Out of The Box way to better conduct our business in the world.
- The Cure for CEO Disease
Not only are we each living in a story that can be no more than a semblance of reality, but there is evidence that our human intelligence appears to be falling. This means we may be making life shaping decisions with even less intelligence than we used to have. Leaders who delude themselves into thinking they know more than they can and do—CEO overconfidence—have been found to show less ability and poorer performance. CEO overconfidence is also known as CEO Disease. So, what is CEO Disease and what is the cure? According to Professor of Leadership, Katleen De Stobbeleir: “The term refers to the phenomenon of many leaders living in what is known as a ‘feedback vacuum’.” Stobbeleir adds that, although it is not a real disease per se, leaders being stuck in their own heads (stuck in the box!) is why many businesses fail.
And this problem is not all on the CEOs because employees have reasons of their own to step away from telling the emperor he has no clothes, and is making a fool of himself. Couple leadership’s FOFO (fear of finding out what they may not want to know) with the reluctance of others to tangle with leadership’s ego—and we have a recipe for disaster for everyone involved. Let’s consider a case for a possible remedy.
The Case of Rob Rob was a company director being considered for the C-Suite, pending some professional development work for his apparent anger issues at work. We discovered together that Rob lives in a story or opinion about how, as a younger boy, he could have made much better decisions on how to run the family than either of his parents. Fast forward to present day, Rob was still trying, relentlessly and unsuccessfully, to convince the people in charge to open their minds to trying things his way. One day I explained to Rob that adult humans often relive their early issues at work as a way to try to master a situation that it was not possible to master when they were young. I added that he could continue to bang his head against the brick wall (of CEO Disease?)—or if he really thinks he knows better he could leave and start his own company—which he did.
Importantly, however, Rob did not want to have CEO Disease himself, and carefully chose talented partners, whose ideas he respects and admires. Business is good. And so are Rob (who had a stroke before I met him) and his family (including his teenage daughter who reminds me of me). Moving Forward By Out of The Box, I mean out of one’s own story, out of one’s own head. I mean escaping the confines of thinking we know everything there is to know, or worse, believing that we ever can and waiting, stuck in our heads, until we do, which never comes.
My father made a promise to his mother on her deathbed that he would take care of the family business. But I doubt that his story about what that meant was what she intended for him. And even if someone had told him then to take it easier, it is not so clear from what I remember that my dear father would have let in much of anything on this than was already in his head.
But we can. We all can. We can leap Out of The Box with the courage to act even though we cannot know all there is to know. And we can leap Out of The Box to join with others who can see some of what we cannot—to optimize our decision making so our businesses, our leaders, and everyone counting on them can prosper nonetheless in this VUCA world of ours.
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